TSUNAMI COMPUTATION ALONG NORTH SUMATRA AND PENANG ISLAND DUE TO A TIME DEPENDENT SOURCE ASSOCIATED WITH THE INDONESIAN TSUNAMI 2004 USING A POLAR COORDINATE SHALLOW WATER MODEL

Md. Fazlul Karim (Malaysia), G. D. Roy (Bangladesh), Ahmad Izani M. Ismail (Malaysia) and Mohammed Ashaque Meah (Malaysia)

Received January 21, 2008

References:

[1] J. C. Ammon, C. Ji, H. Thio, D. Robinson, S. Ni, V. Hjorleifsdottir, H. Kanamori, T. Lay, S. Das, D. Helmberger, G. Ichionose, J. Polet and D. Wald, Rupture process of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, Science 308 (2005), 1133-1139. [2] M. N. Haque, S. Miah and G. D. Roy, Polar coordinate shallow water model with radial stretching for the coast of Bangladesh, SUST Studies (J. Shahjalal Univ. Sc. and Tech., Sylhet, Bangladesh) 6 (2005), 1-13. [3] K. Hirata, K. Satake, Y. Tanioka, T. Kuragano, Y. Hasegawa, Y. Hayashi and N. Hamada, The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Tsunami source model from satellite altimetry, Earth Planets Space 58 (2006), 195-201. [4] J. Horrillo, Z. Kowalik and Y. Shigihara, Wave dispersion study in the Indian Ocean tsunami of December 26, 2004, Science of Tsunami Hazards 25(1) (2006), 42-63. [5] M. Ishii, P. M. Shearer, H. Houston and J. H. Vidale, Extent, duration and speed of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake imaged by the Hi-Net array, Nature 435(7044) (2005), 933-936. [6] M. F. Karim, G. D. Roy, A. I. M. Ismail and M. A. Meah, A linear Cartesian coordinate shallow water model for tsunami computation along the west coast of Thailand and Malaysia, Int. J. Ecology Development 4 (S06) (2006), 1 -14. [7] B. H. Keating, C. Helsey, Z. Waheed and D. D. Howes, 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on the Maldives Islands, Initial Observation, Science of Tsunami Hazards 23(2) (2005), 19-70. [8] Z. Kowalik, W. Knight, T. Logan and P. Whitmore, Numerical modeling of the global tsunami, Indonesian tsunami 2004, Science of Tsunami Hazard 23(1) (2005), 40-56. [9] T. Lay, H. Kanamori, J. C. Ammon, M. Nettles, N. W. Steven, R. Aster, L. B. Susan, R. B. Michael and B. Butler, The great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake of 26 December 2004, Science 308 (2005), 1127-1133. [10] S. Ni, H. Kanamori and D. Helmberger, Energy radiation from the Sumatra earthquake, Nature 434(7033) (2005), 582. [11] Y. Ohta, I. Meilano, T. Sagiya, F. Kimata and K. Hirahara, Large surface wave of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake captured by the very long baseline kinematic analysis of 1-Hz GPS data, Earth Planets Space 58 (2006), 153-157. [12] J. Park, T. A. Song, J. Tromp, E. Okal, S. Stein, G. Roult, E. Clevede, G. Laske, H. Kanamori, P. Davis, J. Berger, C. Braitenberg, M. V. Camp, X. Lei, H. Sun, H. Xu and S. Rosat, Earth’s free oscillations excited by the 26 December, 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake, Science 308 (2005), 1139-1144. [13] G. D. Roy and A. I. M. Ismail, An investigation on the propagation of 26 December, 2004 tsunami waves towards the west coast of Malaysia and Thailand using a Cartesian coordinates shallow water model, Proceedings of International Conference in Mathematics and Applications, Mahidol University, Thailand 2005, pp. 389-410. [14] G. D. Roy and A. I. M. Ismail, Numerical modeling of tsunami along the coastal belt of Penang using a polar coordinate shallow water model, Far East J. Appl. Math. 23(3) (2006), 241-264. [15] G. D. Roy, M. F. Karim and A. I. M. Ismail, A non-linear polar coordinate shallow water model for tsunami computation along North Sumatra and Penang Island, Continental Shelf Research 27 (2007), 245-257. [16] G. D. Roy, K. A. B. Humayun, M. M. Mandal and M. Z. Haque, Polar coordinate shallow water storm surge model for the coast of Bangladesh, Dynamics of Atmosphere and Ocean 29 (1999), 397-413. [17] Y. Tanioka, Yudhicara, T. Kususose, S. Kathiroli, Y. Nishimura, S. I. Iwasaki and K. Satake, Rupture process of the 2004 great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake estimated from tsunami waveforms, Earth Planets Space 58 (2006), 203-209. [18] D. D. Walker, Critical evaluations for the state of Hawaii subsequent to the 26 December, 2004 Asian Tsunami, Science of tsunami Hazard 23(1) (2005), 17-24. [19] J. J. Wijetunge, Tsunami on 26 December, 2004, Spatial distribution of tsunami height and the extent of inundation in Sri-Lanka, Sc. Tsunami Hazards 24(3) (2006), 225-239. [20] A. C. Yalciner, H. Karakus, C. Ozer and G. Ozyurt, Understanding the generation, propagation, near and far field impacts of tsunamis, Lectures Notes, Middle East Tech. Univ., Ankara, Turkey, (2005), 135.

Keywords and phrases: time dependent source, tsunami surge, tsunami propagation, Sumatra and Penang Islands, shallow water model, cylindrical polar coordinates.