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	Volume 4, Issue 2 Pg 93 - 184 (May 2010)
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Advances in Computer Science and Engineering

Advances in Computer Science and Engineering
Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 1 - 21 (February 2010)

MODELING SMALL-STRAIN NONLINEARITY OF SOILS FOR NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF BRACED EXCAVATION IN STIFF CLAY
Gordon Tung-Chin Kung

Abstract:
Excavation is a complicated three-dimensional soil-structure interaction problem. The nonlinearity of soils at small-strain levels plays a crucial role in the prediction of wall deflection, ground movements, and adjacent building responses caused by braced excavation. In this study, a simplified soil model, capable of describing the nonlinear stress-strain characteristics of soils at small-strain, is incorporated into the finite element code and employed to conduct the two-dimensional numerical simulation of a quality excavation case history in stiff clay, in which the complete observations are available. The wall deflection, vertical surface settlement, and lateral soil deformation caused in this case history are completely compared based on the plane strain ratio, which is able to calibrate the difference between the three-dimensional observations and two-dimensional predictions. Analytical results show that the excavation-induced wall deflection located in the plane strain zone agrees well with the predictions. The vertical surface settlement and lateral soil deformation could also be appropriately simulated when the corresponding value of PSR is considered. Overall, the numerical simulation of the braced excavation considering the modeling of nonlinearity of soils at small-strain is satisfactory.

Keywords and phrases: finite element method, braced excavation, ground settlement, wall deflection, clays, numerical simulation, nonlinearity.

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