This theoretical study aims to study to what extent composite beams combining a steel profile and a cross-laminated timber (CLT) floor are convenient. This construction technique is inspired by the “traditional” composite beams which use a steel section and a concrete slab which have already proven themselves in multi-storey buildings. If we manage to use this technique by replacing the concrete with a product derived from wood, we can then expect a better ecological balance, a reduction in the weight of the structure, more prefabrication and the possibility of dismantling/reusing the structure. The ultimate goal is  to be able to compare a traditional mixed steel/concrete floor with a steel/CLT floor and see if this new way of building a floor can really succeed. Recent research has been conducted on possible connections between steel profiles and CLT panels to examine their potentials in composite construction. Based on the aforementioned statements, we therefore present the main conclusions that have been drawn.

composite beam, steel, wood, concrete, floor, CLT panels, connection, foundation, structure.

Received: June 3, 2022; Accepted: June 22, 2022; Published: July 15, 2022

How to cite this article: Y. El Maatoufi, S. Nasla, Y. Jamil, K. Gueraoui and M. Cherraj, Comparative approach in the dimensioning and the theoretical and numerical study of composite beams, steel-concrete and steel-wood (CLT floor), JP Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 28 (2022), 147-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.17654/0973576322039

This Open Access Article is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

References:

[1] Y. El Maatoufi, S. Nasla, K. Gueraoui and M. Cherraj, Characterization and valorization of clay deposits in the region of El Gharb (Machraa Belksiri) in Morocco, for building material industry use, JP Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 25 (2022), 61-72. DOI: 10.17654/0973576322003.
[2] MGB Architecture et al., The Case for Tall Wood Buildings: How Mass Timber Offers a safe, Economical, and environmentally Friendly Alternative for Tall Building Structures, 2012.
[3] Y. El Maatoufi, S. Nasla, Y. Jamil, K. Gueraoui and M. Cherraj, Study of the effect of stabilization, by lime and sugarcane fibers, on the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of compressed earth blocks (CEB) used in the construction of a soil from El Gharb in Morocco, JP Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 26 (2022), 61-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17654/0973576322013.
[4] A. Ceccotti, Timber-concrete composite structures, Timber Engineering, Step 2, Centrum Hout (NL) (1995), E13/1-E13/12.
[5] E. Karacabeyli and B. Douglas, CLT Handbook: Cross-laminated Timber, F. P. Innovations and BSLC, US Edition, Special Publication SP-529E CLT, Pointe-Claire, QC, Canada, 2013.
[6] Stora Enso, Calculatis by Stora Enso. URL : https://engineer.clt.info/.
[7] A. Hassanieh, H. R. Valipour and M. A. Bradford, Load-slip behaviour of steel-cross laminated timber (CLT) composite connections, J. Constructional Steel Res. 122 (2016), 110-121.
[8] Kwesi Okutu, Buick Davison and Jon Carr, 19:05: CLT-steel composite slimfloor construction: an investigation of mechanical behaviour using finite element software, ce/papers 1(2-3) (2017), 4447-4456.
[9] Kwesi A. Okutu, Structural implications of replacing concrete floor slabs with timber in composite construction, supervised by Dr Buick Davison, Dissertation, The University of Sheffield, 2012, p. 92.
[10] A. Hassanieh, H. R. Valipour and M. A. Bradford, Composite connections between CLT slab and steel beam experiments and empirical models, J. Constructional Steel Res. 138 (2017), 823-836.
[11] W. Muñoz, M. Mohammad and S. Gagnon, Lateral and withdrawal resistance of typical CLT connections, WCTE 2010 Proceedings, Riva del Garda, Italy, 2010.
[12] C. Jarvis, Can a gangnail plate be used as a shear connection in a composite beam of cross-laminated timber and steel? MEng dissertation, University of Sheffield, 2014. URL:
https://www.istructe.org/downloads/education/undergraduate-researchgrant/2013 /posters/christopher-jarvis-poster.pdf.
[13] A. Hassanieh, H. R. Valipour, M. A. Bradford and C. Sandhaas, Modelling of steel-timber composite connections: validation of finite element model and parametric study, Engineering Structures 138 (2017), 35-49.
[14] E. Lukaszewska, H. Johnsson and M. Fragiacomo, Performance of connections for prefabricated timber-concrete composite floors, Materials & Structures 41(9) (2008), 1533-1550.
[15] NF EN 1995-1-1, Eurocode 5: Conception et calcul des structures en bois, Technical report, 2005.
[16] O. Vassart et al., Eurocodes : background applications structural fire design, Institute for the Protection et Security of the Citizen, Technical report, 2014.
[17] W. Li, Q.-N. Li, W.-S. Jiang and L. Jiang, Seismic performance of composite reinforced concrete and steel moment frame structures - state-of-the-art, Composites Part B: Engineering 42(2) (2011), 190-206.
[18] M. Oudjene, E. M. Meghlat, H. Ait-Aider and J. L. Batoz, Nonlinear finite element modelling of the structural behaviour of screwed timber-to-concrete composite connections, Composite Structures 102 (2013), 20-28.
[19] C. Loss, M. Piazza and R. Zandonini, Connections for steel-timber hybrid prefabricated buildings. Part I: Experimental tests, Constr. Build. Mater. 122 (2016), 796-808.
[20] W. Li, Q. N. Li and W. S. Jiang, Parameter study on composite frames consisting of steel beams and reinforced concrete columns, J. Constructional Steel Res. 77 (2012), 145-162.
[21] S. E. Kim and H. T. Nguyen, Finite element modeling and analysis of a hybrid steel-PSC beam connection, Engineering Structures 32 (2010), 2557-2569.
[22] S. Kennedy, A. Salenikovich, W. Munoz, M. Mohammad and D. Sattler, Design equation for embedment strength of wood for threaded fasteners in the Canadian timber design code, WCTE 2014 Proceedings, Québec, QC, Canada, 2014-b.
[23] M. R. LeBorgne and R. M. Gutkowski, Effects of various admixtures and shear keys in wood-concrete composite beams, Constr. Build. Mater. 24(9) (2010), 1730-1738.
[24] M. Wallner-Novak, J. Koppelhuber and K. Pock, Cross-laminated timber structural design - basic design and engineering principles according to Eurocode, ProHolz: Innsbruck, Austria, 2014.
[25] Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, Tech report, 2005.
[26] Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-2: General rules - Structural fire design, Tech report, 2005.
[27] Eurocode 4: Calculation of composite steel-concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings (+ AC: 2009), Tech report, 2005.
[28] J. H. J. Negrão, O. De, F. M. Maia De Oliveira, C. A. Leitão De Oliveira and P. B. Cachim, Glued composite timber-concrete beams, II: analysis and tests of beam specimens, Journal of Structural Engineering 136(10) (2010), 1246-1254.