Several scientific studies regarding potential benefits and drawbacks of antibiotics were carefully reviewed. The main results can be summarized as follows: several studies show that certain lactobacilli improve lactose digestion and reduce related gastrointestinal disturbances. There is evidence regarding the benefits of probiotic products in treating gastritis, acid reflux, constipation, inflammatory bowel disease and other related medical conditions of the gastrointestinal system. There are indications that several strains of probiotics are useful against antibiotic-associated diarrhea, as well as rotavirus-related diarrhea in children and adults. Related aspects have been studied, regarding intestinal dysbiosis and its effects on the entire immune system. There are many concerns about the liberal and arbitrary consumption of probiotics. Very often, these products are used without medical supervision and without recommendations from dieticians. Occasional gastrointestinal infections have been reported in certain immunosuppressed patients. Clinical trials in this direction have been performed on small animals.

Many scientific studies have proved that probiotics are beneficial in treating and preventing certain types of illnesses. Consumers should be informed with regard to misleading advertising claims about benefits, and ask for advice from dieticians and medical professionals regarding probiotic use.

probiotic, antibiotic, dysbiosis, gastrointestinal disease.